US Yasankha Kusaletsa Maginito a Neodymium ochokera ku China

Seputembara 21^st, White House idati Lachitatu Purezidenti wa US a Joe Biden asankha kuti asaletse kutumizidwa kunjaNeodymium maginito osowa padziko lapansimakamaka kuchokera ku China, kutengera zotsatira za kafukufuku wa masiku 270 a Dipatimenti ya Zamalonda.Mu June 2021, a White House adachita kafukufuku wamasiku 100, omwe adapeza kuti China idalamulira mbali zonse za Neodymium supply chain, zomwe zidapangitsa Raimondo kusankha kuyambitsa kafukufuku 232 mu Seputembara 2021. Raimondo adapereka zomwe dipatimentiyi idapeza ku Biden mu June. , kutsegulira masiku 90 kuti Purezidenti asankhe.

Lingaliroli lidapewa nkhondo yatsopano yamalonda ndi China, Japan, European Union ndi maginito ena otumiza kunja kapena mayiko omwe akufuna kutero kuti akwaniritse kuchuluka komwe kukuyembekezeka m'zaka zikubwerazi.Izi zikuyeneranso kuchepetsa nkhawa za opanga ma automaker aku America ndi opanga ena omwe amadalira maginito achilendo a Neodymium ochokera kunja kuti apange zinthu zomalizidwa.

Komabe, kuwonjezera pa ntchito zina zamalonda monga ma motors amagetsi ndi automation, maginito osowa padziko lapansi amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu ndege zankhondo zankhondo ndi machitidwe owongolera mizinga.Komabe, zikuyembekezeredwa kuti kufunikira kwa maginito agalimoto ndi ma jenereta amphepo kuchulukirachulukira zaka zingapo zikubwerazi, zomwe zikudzetsa kusowa kwapadziko lonse lapansi.Izi ndichifukwa chotimaginito agalimoto yamagetsindi za 10 nthawi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto amtundu wa petulo.

Chaka chatha, lipoti la Paulson Institute ku Chicago linanena kuti magalimoto amagetsi ndi ma turbine amphepo okha adzafunika 50% yamaginito a Neodymium apamwamba kwambirimu 2025 ndipo pafupifupi 100% mu 2030. Malinga ndi lipoti la Paulson Institute, izi zikutanthauza kuti ntchito zina za maginito a Neodymium, monga ndege zankhondo zankhondo, machitidwe otsogolera mizinga, makina opangira magetsi ndi magetsi.servo motor maginito, akhoza kukumana ndi "zolepheretsa katundu ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mitengo".

"Tikuyembekeza kuti zofuna ziwonjezeke kwambiri m'zaka zikubwerazi," adatero mkulu wa boma."Tiyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti titha kugulitsa pasadakhale, osati kuwonetsetsa kuti akupezeka pamsika, komanso kuwonetsetsa kuti pasakhale kusowa, komanso kuwonetsetsa kuti tisapitirire kudalira kwambiri China. .”

Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa chisankho chopanda malire cha a Biden, kafukufukuyu adapezanso kuti kudalira kwa United States pakutengera kunja.maginito amphamvuzakhala zowopseza chitetezo cha dziko la United States, ndipo adapereka malingaliro kuti achitepo kanthu kuti achulukitse zokolola zapakhomo kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo chamakampani ogulitsa.Malingaliro akuphatikiza kuyika ndalama m'magawo ofunikira a Neodymium magnet supply chain;kulimbikitsa ntchito zapakhomo;kugwirizana ndi ogwirizana ndi othandizana nawo kuti apititse patsogolo kusinthasintha kwa chain chain;kuthandizira chitukuko cha anthu ogwira ntchito aluso popanga maginito a Neodymium ku United States;kuthandizira kafukufuku wopitilirapo kuti achepetse kusatetezeka kwa chain chain.

Boma la Biden lagwiritsa ntchito National Defense Production Act ndi mabungwe ena ovomerezeka kuyika ndalama zokwana madola 200 miliyoni m'makampani atatu, MP Materials, Lynas Rare Earth ndi Noveon Magnetics kuti apititse patsogolo luso la United States kuthana ndi zinthu zomwe sizipezeka padziko lapansi monga Neodymium, ndi kupititsa patsogolo kupanga maginito a Neodymium ku United States kuchokera pamlingo wosasamala.

Noveon Magnetics ndi US yokha yomwe sinteredNeodymium maginito fakitale.Chaka chatha, 75% ya maginito a Neodymium omwe adatumizidwa kuchokera ku United States adachokera ku China, kutsatiridwa ndi 9% kuchokera ku Japan, 5% kuchokera ku Philippines, ndi 4% kuchokera ku Germany.

Lipoti la Commerce Department likuyerekeza kuti chuma chapakhomo chikhoza kukwaniritsa 51% ya zonse zomwe United States imafunikira m'zaka zinayi zokha.Lipotilo linanena kuti pakali pano, United States imadalira pafupifupi 100% pazogulitsa kunja kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zamalonda ndi chitetezo.Boma likuyembekeza kuyesetsa kukulitsa kupanga kwa US kuti achepetse zinthu zambiri kuchokera ku China kuposa ogulitsa ena.